The third translation method is only to be used under certain circumstances according. Oblique translation techniques are used when the structural or conceptual elements of the source language cannot be directly translated without altering meaning or upsetting the grammatical and stylistics elements of the target language. Darbelnet 1958, who developed a taxonomy of translation procedures. In translation, what is the difference between calque. Literal techniques loan calque literal loan a word taken from a. Translation studies is an academic interdiscipline dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of translation, interpreting, and localization. Calque is a loanword from a french noun, and derives from the verb calquer to trace, to copy. More than one procedure can be seen in one translation, and some translations may result from a cluster of. Literal translation is a wellknown technique, which means that it.
Translation techniques analysis of english indonesian manual book of smartfren andromax. An analysis of translation techniques and quality of closed compound words in the novel paper towns by john green thesis submitted as a partial fulfillment of a requirement for sarjana degree at english department faculty of cultural sciences sebelas maret university by. The hypothesis states that translation techniques employed by different. Par consequent, il y a plusieurs solutions a adopter, qui correspondent a peu pres aux quatre categories ou techniques suivantes. Calque a calque or loan translation is a phrase borrowed from another language and translated literally wordforword. In english we see many examples of common phrases that are calques translated from other languages. A calque is a form of literal translation of words from one language to another to create a stock phrase in the target language. When a translator uses a calque, he or she is creating or using a neologism in the target language by adopting the structure of the source language. The thesis was entitled borrowing technique in the translation of the murder on the links with reference to lapangan golf maut. Direct translation techniques direct translation occurs when there is an exact structural, lexical, even morphological equivalence between two languages, only possible when the two languages are very close to each other4. As a technique, modulation in translation helps to illustrate the difference between literal translation and coherent meaning translation. List of effective translation techniques to facilitate work harry clark certified translation services auckland, provides professional and certified translation services proofreading, editing, transcription, subtitling, auckland new zealand.
Vinay and darbelnet first proposed seven methods or procedures loan, calque. Literal translation is a wellknown technique, which. A foreign word or phrase translated and incorporated into another language. Calque is a loanword from a french noun its derived from the verb calquer, meaning to copy, to trace. Teaching translation techniques in a university setting. These seven techniques are divided into two big categories. Calque definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Techniques and methods of translation iosr journal. Translation techniques and equivalence in the indonesian translation of humor in harry potter and the sorcerers stone. Direct translation techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. This list contains examples of calques in various languages. It has been a long while since i have had to think about this.
It basically means that the translator makes a conscious choice to use the same word in the target text as it is found in the source text. An arabic to english examplebased translation system. Translation techniques by molina albir free download pdf ebook. Jul 18, 2016 calque is a loanword from a french noun, and derives from the verb calquer to trace, to copy. The techniques used for direct translation are borrowing, calque and literal translation. Translation techniques presentation linkedin slideshare. Pdf translation techniques in recursive translation.
When a translator uses a calque, he or she is creating or using a neologism in the target language by adopting the structure of the source. Pdf a basic survey across a given language pair normally reveals units that. Mar 26, 2018 a dynamic and functional approach to translation techniques in our opinion. The english word handball is translated into spanish as balonmano. Transposition involves moving from one grammatical category to another without altering the meaning of the text. The word loanword is a calque of the german word lehnwort, just as loan translation is a calque. Today we are going to explain one of the most popular translation techniques. Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another without translation. Final project, english department, faculty of language and arts, semarang state university. Literal translation is a wellknown technique, which means that it is quite easy to find sources on the topic. We used the unitednations document inventory to build our translationexample corpus. This study was conducted after the students learned in an hour lecture on seven different translation techniques proposed by vinay and darbelnet 1995 namely calque, borrowing, literal translation, transposition, modulation, functional equivalence, and adaptation. Free it is not difficult to show backtranslation it is easy to show remember if it fits the context better backtranslation remember.
In both these examples, english phrases are derived from a direct literal translation of the original. When used as a verb, to calque means to borrow a word or phrase from another language while translating its components, so as to create a new lexeme in the target language. Today were going to talk about translation techniques. Calque is a loanword from a french noun its derived. Direct translation techniques direct translation techniques are used when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language. Techniques and methods of translation umamaheshwari. A calque or loan translation itself a calque of german lehnubersetzung is a phrase borrowed from another language and translated literally wordforword. According to their classification, translation procedures were classified into two method covering seven procedures.
Pdf borrowing technique in the translation i wayan suryasa. These translation procedures are borrowing, calque and literal translation. Or the english term skyscraper is gratteciel in french or rascacielos in spanish. Translation techniques ciol chartered institute of linguists. Translation techniques and equivalence in the indonesian. Translation techniques by molina albir free download pdf. Pdf in this paper, we discuss three translation techniques. The idea or meaning is the same, but the phrases that are used in the source and target languages are different the source language is not translated wordforword into the target language. In this paper, we discuss three translation techniques. Pdf translation techniques in recursive translation ester. The term calque is borrowed from french and it derives from the verb calquer which means to copy, to trace.
Translation of the english neologisms into the russian and. Translation procedures used in translating maitreya. Translation technical procedures in the compared stylistics. List of effective translation techniques to facilitate work. Translation techniques second year license level first. In linguistics, a calque is actually a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, wordforword translation.
He writes that, while translation methods relate to whole texts, translation procedures are used for sentences and the smaller units of language. Translation techniques there are seven different translation techniques. Pdf borrowing technique in the translation i wayan. The theory of translation techniques proposed by molina and albir 2002 was applied in order to find translation techniques chosen by translator in translating english accounting terms and the. This is a nonstructural system, so it stores the translationexamples as textual strings, with some additional information, as will be described later. Examples that have been absorbed into english include standpoint and beer garden from german standpunkt and biergarten. Lexical paranonyc calque football futbol balmier 4 x 4 four wheeldrive car cuatro por cuatro 4 x 4. A calque or loan translation itself a calque of german lehnubersetzung is a phrase borrowed from. Borrowing is the taking of words directly from one language into another. Vinay and oblique translation methods darbelnet translation borrowing, calque, literal. Lecture 2 direct translation techniques when structural and conceptual elements of the source language can be transposed into the target language the translator use direct procedures. Also known as a calque from the french word for copy. Abstract this research was intended to describe the borrowing techniques in the translation.
A dynamic and functionalist approach lucia molina and amparo hurtado albir. Free it is not difficult to show back translation it is easy to show remember if it fits the context better back translation remember. Calque from the french verb calquer calques are a special kind of borrowing where a language borrows a word or an expression from another language and translates literally each of its elements. Pdf language ideology and the presence of calques in romanian.